Timid new world;

Pulling the Blockchain on Humanity

By Capt Wardrobe Nov 2020

There will be a global centralized bank with several information reserve banks controlling regions of the world.

Mar 24, 2011 - A Rothschild Plan for World Government

" in 2008, Simon Linnett wrote a policy document on the issue, published by The Social Market Foundation. Linnett is Executive Vice Chairman of N M Rothschild, London. In the Linnett manifesto, he defines “greenhouse emissions” as the new form of “social market;” a speculative new global currency.

Linnett states that while it must be market forces and free trade that operate in defining the value of the carbon emission exchange, what is required is a world government.

Market forces plus an “international institution” with a constitution equals a World State under oligarchic control.

He writes: “That such a market has to be established on a world basis coordinated by an international institution with a constitution to match.”
Foriegn Policy Journal

Because greenhouse gas emissions are a truly global phenomenon, this document puts forward the idea that the only solution can be through a world market. This paper attempts to describe:

Why a market is the best solution for this impending crisis: it is more effective than tax and a mechanism with which regulation should be a collaborator (but subordinate to);

That such a market has to operate as such: there should be no distortion through the free allocations of allowances and with the permissions to emit auctioned sensibly by those who sanction them (i.e. governments) into the market;

That such a market has to be established on a world basis coordinated by an international institution with a constitution to match;

That, perhaps, it might be regarded to as having wider benefits than merely “saving the planet” - perhaps it might be the basis for a new world order, one that is not based on trade and/or conflict resolution - and, even

Perhaps one can see a way to achieve this goal, through leadership, vision and some marginal and manageable renunciation of national sovereignty, how the world might just get there.

Simon Linnett

“The few who understand the system, will either be so interested from it’s profits or so dependant on it’s favors, that there will be no opposition from that class.” — Rothschild Brothers of London, 1863

“Give me control of a nation’s money and I care not who makes it’s laws” — Mayer Amschel Bauer Rothschild

Irish history files

A New World Order - Rothschild Globalised central banking system

Guardian

2011 map of countries without a Central Bank

World Bank Group

While our five institutions have their own country membership, governing boards, and articles of agreement, we work as one to serve our partner countries. Today’s development challenges can only be met if the private sector is part of the solution. But the public sector sets the groundwork to enable private investment and allow it to thrive. The complementary roles of our institutions give the World Bank Group a unique ability to connect global financial resources, knowledge, and innovative solutions to the needs of developing countries. description of entity

Market Forces at Work: Institutional Investors and a Sustainable World

Lynn Forester de Rothschild

Founder and CEO, Coalition for Inclusive Capitalism

Lady Lynn Forester de Rothschild is founder and chief executive of the Coalition for Inclusive Capitalism and chair of E.L. Rothschild LLC, a private investment company with investments in media, information technology, agriculture and real estate.

Holdings include The Economist Group (U.K.), real estate and financial instruments.

Lady de Rothschild has been a director of The Estee Lauder Companies since December 2000 and The Economist Newspaper Limited (member of the Audit Committee) from October 2002-2017.

She is a director of the Peterson Institute of International Economics and the McCain Institute as well as a member of the
Council on Foreign Relations (U.S.),
Chatham House (U.K.) and
the Institute for Strategic Studies (U.K.).

She is a graduate of Pomona College and has her J.D from the Columbia University School of Law.

World bank group presentation

Elite Globalist Ruler Slavemaster Keyword; "Inclusive"
oh & there's Prince Charles

Israels 4th Industrial hopes - Oh and there's Prince William

Ians crypt - Agent of Israel, Russia & UK

Ghislaine & Epstein

Click here for 66mb zip file of Robert Maxwell FBI files

Ian Robert Maxwell & My Dad - the Printer.

My dear old dad, now sadly dead... worked for Waterlows in Dunstable in the south UK - it was security printing company specialising in the printing of chequebooks - a Robert Maxwell enterprise - the plant was a high secure place - so much so my dad snuck me in a few times - he used to be a machine minder...watching the datat tapes go round on the banks of computers there - they use to print the cheques alongside pornography for Paul Raymond [true fact] so there is a link here to the digitization of money from the early 70s...

My dad was left high & dry by the company and the Union for taking part in retraining workers in Nottingham when the facilites were moved to a cheaper cost effective area.

Epstein was one of many useful 'fund managers' - i believe working under Ghislaine Maxwell, funneling Israeli funding into Global Tech Leaders. A corruption & bribery operation put into place to let Israel gain competitive knowledge into A.I. / next generation Tech.

We must not forget the other Maxwell siblings involvment with spying & development via Cal tech silicon valley -

Once access to the technology is achieved; Back doors are intergrated - & users are compromised.

Knowledge is power - & having the jump on other powers in the 4th Industrial revolution is probably the biggest game in town.

Security printing Chequebooks

Advanced security printing techniques are used to help prevent your cheques from being copied or fraudulently altered. Examples of this are CBS1 (security cheque paper), pimpernell (UV flood coat over amount and description boxes) for anti alteration and security inks and holograms to help against counterfeit copies and fakes. SeaReach uk

British Printing Corporation

1981 Robert Maxwell bought a controlling interest in British Printing Corporation. Changed its name to the British Printing and Communications Corporation (BPCC).

Maxwell acquired Odhams, Watford’s other large gravure printing house

1983 merged Odhams with Sun Printers at the Whippendell Road site to create Odhams-Sun Printers Ltd. He brought web offset to the factory and oversaw the paring down of the workforce to try to make the company competitive with other printers in the U.K. and on the Continent.

1987 BPCC became a subsidiary of Maxwell Communications Corporation (MCC).

1989 Maxwell’s deputy and several other directors bought the BPCC Group from MCC. Most of the Sun’s Whippendell Road site was abandoned and operations were moved into the Sun’s former paper warehouse on Ascot Road. The only printing method used there was web offset; there were around 200 employees.

Odhams/Sun was renamed BPCC Sun Ltd., then BPCC Consumer Magazines (Watford) Ltd.

1998 What remained of the former Sun Printers was merged into a new printing conglomerate called Polestar Group. Polestar removed the last printing presses from the site in 2004.

Graces Guide

MAXWELL TO ABANDON PRINTING FOR PUBLISHING

[excerpt]

"The market is stunned," Mr Maxwell said with a touch of understatement. His printing interests, the business he is now abandoning, had been at the heart of his recent success.

Though he had always thought of himself as a publisher - as a refugee from Czechoslovakia just after World War II he started a successful imprint in scientific journals - by the 1970s his ambitions for a wider publishing role had been frustrated.

A messy and abortive deal with a would-be American purchaser had left a shadow over his reputation.

It was the purchase and salvage of the collapsing British Printing Corp in 1980 that relaunched him on the path of growth that culminated last week in the purchase of Macmillan. And now he is selling up the business that played such an important role in his recent success.

The sale is a lavish one. Mr Maxwell indicated that disposals in the coming months could eventually exceed the purchase price of Macmillan.

"I am a person who always feels comfortable when I have a huge pile of bank notes behind me. I don't like huge debts," he said. (He had none the less arranged $US2.2 billion in loan facilities before making the Macmillan bid.)

The slate of Maxwell disposals now looks like this.

* BPCC, formerly British Printing and Communication Corp, Britain's largest commercial printer, which prints everything from books and consumer magazines to cheques and City documents and also includes a profitable packaging operation.

AFR.com

Crypto security / databases / spying - the Maxwell family business

1. ROBERT MAXWELL: Died in mysterious circumstances in 1991, aged 68, disappearing from his yacht off the Canary Islands.

2. IAN: Twice married and divorced. Once a regular London socialite, now aged 59 and seldom seen in public. Thought to live in Hackney, East London.

3. ISABEL: Former dotcom millionaire, 65, who has now been declared bankrupt.

4. KEVIN: Declared bankrupt after his father’s death, Kevin, 56, has struggled in a business career. In 2011, he was banned from running a company for eight years.

5. CHRISTINE: Now 65, married to an astrophysicist and living in France, she has written The Dictionary Of Perfect Spelling.

6. PHILIP: Won Oxford scholarship at 16 but later moved to Argentina to get ‘as far away from my father as possible’. Aged 67, divorced and thought to be pursuing a career as a writer.

7. BETTY: Died in 2013, aged 92. She had been married to press baron Robert for 45 years and remained publicly loyal to the end.

8. GHISLAINE: New York-based socialite, 53, accused of recruiting underage girls for convicted paedophile billionaire Jeffrey Epstein, a friend of Prince Andrew. She denies the claims.

9. ANNE: After Oxford, she trained as a Montessori teacher, then became a hypno-therapist. Aged 66, she lives in North London, married to an osteopath.

Isabel files for Bankruptcy


Christine Maxwell & The Chilead FBI intelligence database


The FBI has built a database with more than 659 million records -- including terrorist watch lists, intelligence cables and financial transactions -- culled from more than 50 FBI and other government agency sources. The system is one of the most powerful data analysis tools available to law enforcement and counterterrorism agents, FBI officials said yesterday.


The FBI demonstrated the database to reporters yesterday in part to address criticism that its technology was failing and outdated as the fifth anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001, terrorist attacks nears.


Privacy advocates said the Investigative Data Warehouse, launched in January 2004, raises concerns about how long the government stores such information and about the right of citizens to know what records are kept and correct information that is wrong.


Wash Post


CHilead press release on her appointment


Christine Maxwell, sat on the board of trustees for Vint Cerf's Internet Society.


"In early 1993, the sisters and their husbands created McKinley.com, a directory with a ratings system - a kind of Michelin guide to the Net - that evolved into the early search engine Magellan. They saw it as a chance to re-create a bit of their father's legacy, combining media and science as he did, and spent two and a half years building the McKinley Group. Isabel's husband David Hayden was the CEO, Christine the publisher, and Isabel the senior vice president. She struck partnership deals with Microsoft, AT&T, and IBM,"

Wired 1999

Join the dots time; Mastercard - Maxwell - Promis - Digital money - Blockchain

PROMIS (Prosecutors Management Information System) was a case management software developed by Inslaw (formerly the Institute for Law and Social Research), a non-profit organization established in 1973 by Bill and Nancy Hamilton.[1]

The software program was developed with aid from the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration to aid prosecutors' offices in tracking; in 1982 (by which time Inslaw became a for-profit entity) Inslaw received a $10 million contract by the Justice Department to develop an improved PROMIS application for U.S. attorneys' offices

wikipedia

All of a sudden, PROMIS grew into something that had global potential. It would allow the US to spy on any entity that used the software. But Inslaw would not be part of the DoJ’s plan. Through withholding payments and generating huge legal costs, they forced Inslaw into bankruptcy. The Hamiltons did not go down without a fight, especially once they found out that their creation was being illegally modified.

The Suspicious Death of Danny Casolaro


The Hamiltons

MY BACKED UP RESOURCES
[excerpted quotes:]

Designed as case-management software for federal prosecutors, PROMIS has the ability to combine disparate databases, and to track people by their involvement with the legal system. Hamilton and others now claim that the DOJ has modified PROMIS to monitor intelligence operations, agents and targets, instead of legal cases.

...the real power of PROMIS, according to Hamilton, is that with a staggering 570,000 lines of computer code, PROMIS can integrate innumerable databases without requiring any reprogramming. In essence, PROMIS can turn blind data into information. And anyone in government will tell you that information, when wielded with finesse, begets power.

"Orr was impressed with the power of PROMIS (Prosecutors Management Information Systems), which had recently been updated by Inslaw to run on powerful 32-bit VAX computers from Digital Equipment Corp. "He fell in love with the VAX version," Hamilton recalled.

Dr. Orr never came back, and he never bought anything. No one knew why at the time. But for Hamilton, who has fought the Department of Justice (DOJ) for almost 10 years in an effort to salvage his business, once his co- workers recognized the man in the second photo, it all made perfect sense.

For the second photo was not of the mysterious Dr. Orr, it was of Rafael Etian, chief of the Israeli defense force's anti-terrorism intelligence unit. The Department of Justice sent him over for a look at the property they were about to "misappropriate," and Etian liked what he saw. Department of Justice documents record that one Dr. Ben Orr left the DOJ on May 6, 1983, with a computer tape containing PROMIS tucked under his arm.

wired


Maxwell & The Mega group

By virtue of the role of many Mega Group members as major political donors in both the U.S. and Israel, several of its most notable members have close ties to the governments of both countries as well as their intelligence communities. As this report and a subsequent report will show, the Mega Group also had close ties to two businessmen who worked for Israel’s Mossad — Robert Maxwell and Marc Rich — as well as to top Israeli politicians, including past and present prime ministers with deep ties to Israel’s intelligence community.

One of those businessmen working for the Mossad, Robert Maxwell, will be discussed at length in this report. Maxwell, who was a business partner of Mega Group co-founder Charles Bronfman, aided the successful Mossad plot to plant a trapdoor in U.S.-created software that was then sold to governments and companies throughout the world.

That plot’s success was largely due to the role of a close associate of then-President Ronald Reagan and an American politician close to Maxwell, who later helped aid Reagan in the cover-up of the Iran Contra scandal.

Whitney Webb

Creepy Sex cults & trafficking? it's not just Epstein

Clare Bronfman Nexium sex cult jailed

US heiress Clare Bronfman has been sentenced to six years and nine months in prison for her role in the Nxivm sex trafficking group. Bronfman, heir to the Seagram liquor fortune and a benefactor of Nxivm leader Keith Raniere, pleaded guilty in April 2019 to harbouring migrants for unpaid "labour and services".

She also admitted to credit card fraud.

She was taken into custody to begin her jail term immediately after the sentencing in Brooklyn, New York. Writing to the court last month, Bronfman said she "never meant to hurt anyone, however I have, and for this I am deeply sorry".

However, she said Nxivm had "greatly changed my life for the better" and that she wouldn't denounce its leader Raniere. Nxivm - pronounced "Nexium" - was started in 1998 as a self-help programme. It said it worked with more than 16,000 people.

BBC

The Crypto AG scandal - Eavesdropping points to Promis?

U.S. and German spies read top-secret messages of 120 countries for decades

[excerpt]

Crypto was founded by Russian-born entrepreneur Boris Hagelin, who fled Scandinavia to the United States in 1940 when the Nazis occupied Norway.

He had created a portable mechanical encryption machine that could be used in the field. Some 140,000 were produced for U.S. troops during the war by the Smith Corona typewriter company in New York.

After the war Hagelin moved to Switzerland and began producing more advanced machines that American spies worried would allow governments everywhere to shield their communications.

But the premier U.S. cryptologist, the National Security Agency’s William Friedman, persuaded Hagelin to restrict sales of his most advanced machines to countries approved by Washington. Older machines — with penetrable encryption — were sold to others.

Cutting out the French

When integrated circuits replaced mechanical encryption in the 1960s, the NSA helped Hagelin design new machines, which included coding that U.S. cryptologists knew how to crack.

When Hagelin sought to retire, the United States headed off a French government effort to buy his company and arranged its own takeover.

In 1970, the U.S. and Germany reached a deal to take it over for $5.75 million — with the stipulation that the French be excluded.

They then controlled virtually all of Zug-based Crypto’s operations — hiring the staff, designing the technology and directing sales.

The intelligence operation underlying Crypto had long been suspected, and was alluded to in documents that surfaced decades ago, but never was proven. The company’s true ownership was masked by front companies in Liechtenstein registries.

Swiss probing alleged CIA, German front company linked to breaking nations' codes for decades | The Japan Times

How the CIA used Crypto AG encryption devices to spy on countries for decades-Washington Post

GigaZine - It turns out that an international cryptographic machine maker was intercepting communications in cooperation with US and German intelligence agencies

Funny Money

NSA digital Wallet

National Security Agency

Office of Information Security Research and Technology

Cryptology Division

18 June 1996

With the onset of the Information Age, our nation is becoming increasingly dependent upon network communications. Computer-based technology is significantly impacting our ability to access, store, and distribute information. Among the most important uses of this technology is electronic commerce: performing financial transactions via electronic information exchanged over telecommunications lines. A key requirement for electronic commerce is the development of secure and efficient electronic payment systems. The need for security is highlighted by the rise of the Internet, which promises to be a leading medium for future electronic commerce.

Electronic payment systems come in many forms including digital checks, debit cards, credit cards, and stored value cards. The usual security features for such systems are privacy (protection from eavesdropping), authenticity (provides user identification and message integrity), and nonrepudiation (prevention of later denying having performed a transaction) .

NSA Release

Here's where multi billion $$$ next gen big data gets so stupidly unbelievable

seriously - No one knows who invented Blockchain & Bitcoin

does this sound realistic to you?

Blockchain technology is widely considered to have the potential to change the world.

A World Economic Forum survey recently forecast that 10% of global GDP could be on Blockchain-based applications by 2025. The technology is also being tipped to revolutionize a wide range of industries and processes from banking and finance, intellectual property, medical records, and supply chain management, to name but a few. Many believe widespread implementation of Blockchain-based systems and applications in public records globally could even go a long way to eradicating the corruption and institutionalized theft that is holding back the development of large swathes of the world.

But where did this revolutionary technology appear from, who invented it and who, if anyone, owns the rights to Blockchain? Where Did Blockchain Come From

Blockchain arrived as the underlying technology that made Bitcoin, the world’s first cryptocurrency, a feasible digital currency. Its decentralized peer-to-peer quality and use of cutting-edge cryptography provided an answer to the fundamental technology issues Bitcoin had to address to be viable as a digital currency.

Blockchain is best surmised as a decentralized digital ledger. A network of computers participating in a Blockchain application all hold a copy of the ledger, which records every transaction. In the case of Bitcoin that is the transfer of digital currency, though, in theory, it could be any kind of transaction. These computers act as ‘nodes’, and mean multiple copies of the ledger exist at any one time. These nodes subsequently approve all future transactions as being consistent with the ledger’s history.

For example, for person A to send person B one Bitcoin, the ledger must verify that person A owns that Bitcoin as the result of previous transactions. Blockchain technology normally requires that at least 30% of all copies of the ledger (Except 51% in the case of Bitcoin) verify a transaction. The ledger is then simultaneously updated across all of its copies. At regular periods these transactions are then bundled together and cryptographically sealed in a data ‘block’ which is also time stamped. This data ‘block’ is then immutable and cannot be altered, meaning the historical ledger record can be trusted. These blocks are linked together by a cryptographic thread, with an element of each sealed block carried into the next in the chain. For any kind of fraud or corruption of the overall record to occur, these blocks would have to be tampered with. The ‘hashing’ cryptography Blockchain employs makes this extremely difficult. An additional layer of security is the fact that this would have to be achieved simultaneously across every copy of the Blockchain ledger for the inconsistency in one copy not to be spotted and rejected by the peer-2-peer system.

It soon became apparent that the decentralized Blockchain technology that provided the efficiency, security, and immutability required to make Bitcoin a viable digital currency proposition could also be used for an almost limitless variety of other applications. Blockchain is actually not one technology, as often presumed. Rather it is a group of technologies that can be used in combination or interchanged to achieve varying results and ‘protocols’.

Who Invented Blockchain?

No one really knows who invented Blockchain.

Nominally, Blockchain’s technology was invented by Bitcoin’s inventor. The problem with that answer is that no one really knows who Bitcoin’s inventor was and if they alone created Blockchain technology. In 2008 Bitcoin’s inventor, the year before it was launched, released a white paper detailing the concept behind the cryptocurrency and the Blockchain technology. The white paper, and subsequently Bitcoin, were released under a pseudonym - Satoshi Nakamoto. It has never been confirmed who exactly is behind the Satoshi Nakamoto pseudonym, though there are a handful of more popular suspicions. The USA’s National Security Agency is rumored to have uncovered who Nakamoto was.

Whether whoever Nakamoto is, invented Blockchain technology alone, or as part of a team, we may never really know.

Who owns Blockchain?

Bitcoin, and Blockchain, were launched as an open source code. This means that it is free to use and be customized by anyone who has the technology knowledge and skills to be able to do so. This means that nobody ‘owns’ or can ever own the technology. It can be considered, along with Bitcoin itself, Satoshi Nakamoto’s gift to the world.

Particular Blockchain applications can be patented and ‘owned’ but not the technology itself.

Bitrates.com

History of blockchain

Blockchain has the potential to grow to be a bedrock of the worldwide record-keeping systems, but was launched just 10 years ago. It was created by the unknown persons behind the online cash currency bitcoin, under the pseudonym of Satoshi Nakamoto.

A brief history of blockchain: 1991 A cryptographically secured chain of blocks is described for the first time by Stuart Haber and W Scott Stornetta

1998 Computer scientist Nick Szabo works on ‘bit gold’, a decentralised digital currency

2000 Stefan Konst publishes his theory of cryptographic secured chains, plus ideas for implementation

2008 Developer(s) working under the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto release a white paper establishing the model for a blockchain

2009 Nakamoto implements the first blockchain as the public ledger for transactions made using bitcoin

2014 Blockchain technology is separated from the currency and its potential for other financial, interorganisational transactions is explored. Blockchain 2.0 is born, referring to applications beyond currency

The Ethereum blockchain system introduces computer programs into the blocks, representing financial instruments such as bonds. These become known as smart contracts. Bitcoin’s role

Posting their seminal whitepaper in 2008 and launching the initial code in 2009, Nakamoto created bitcoin to be a form of cash that could be sent peer-to-peer without the need for a central bank or other authority to operate and maintain the ledger, much as how physical cash can be.

While it wasn’t the first online currency to be proposed, the bitcoin proposal solved several problems in the field and has been by far the most successful version.

The engine that runs the bitcoin ledger that Nakamoto designed is called the blockchain; the original and largest blockchain is the one that still orchestrates bitcoin transactions today. The second generation

Other blockchains include those that run the several hundred “altcoins” - other similar currency projects with different rules - as well as truly different applications, such as:

Ethereum: the second largest blockchain implementation after bitcoin. Ethereum distributes a currency called ether, but also allows for the storage and operation of computer code, allowing for smart contracts.

Ripple: a real-time gross settlement system, currency exchange and remittance network, based on a public ledger.

icaew.com

The CIA Secretly Owned Crypto AG, Did They Secretly Create Bitcoin?

(Opinion) Author: Wesley Messamore Last Updated Feb 16, 2020 @ 12:22

“It was the intelligence coup of the century.” That’s the assessment of the CIA in a classified report obtained earlier this month by an investigation of the Washington Post. The Post made stunning revelations in a report headlined, “How the CIA used Crypto AG encryption devices to spy on countries for decades.” Crypto AG was a Swiss encryption company. It made millions of dollars since World War II selling encryption devices. The governments of over 120 countries bought Crypto’s devices well into the 21st century. Operation “Thesaurus”

But the Washington Post made the stunning revelation in early Feb 2020 that the information security company was secretly owned by the CIA. And the Central Intelligence Agency had built back doors into the encryption methods so it could easily decode messages and spy on foreign governments’ most sensitive communications. Governments the world over trusted Crypto AG to encrypt communications for their military, diplomats, and spies. Among Crypto AG’s clientele were Iran, military dictatorships in Latin America, India, Pakistan, and the Vatican. Who Is Satoshi Nakamoto?

From 1970 forward, most of the world’s governments were unwittingly handing the CIA their money and also their secrets. These revelations about this stunning and audacious CIA signals intelligence operation beg the question: Did the CIA create cryptocurrency? We still don’t know who invented Bitcoin. Its creator has remained anonymous to this day. The inventor of Bitcoin published the Bitcoin whitepaper under the pseudonym, Satoshi Nakamoto. And they posted to the Bitcoin Talk forum under that moniker. Could Satoshi Nakamoto be the Central Intelligence Agency?

Did The CIA Create Bitcoin?

There’s no conclusive evidence of who Satoshi Nakamoto really is. That remains a mystery to this day as far as the public is concerned. (Craig Wright’s objections to the contrary notwithstanding.) The following evidence that Satoshi Nakamoto might be the CIA is circumstantial, and the conclusion is speculative. But if it’s not compelling, this evidence is certainly captivating. And the Crypto AG revelations show just how plausible it is that the CIA could have created Bitcoin as part of the monetary coup of the century.

Evidence That Satoshi Is The CIA

To begin with, Bitcoin is based on technology created by the National Security Agency (NSA). The NSA’s Secure Hashing Algorithm 256 (SHA-256) is a lynchpin of Bitcoin Core, the software that turns a computer into a Bitcoin node. SHA-256 is a one-way hashing function that compresses and encrypts a string of any length into a unique 256-bit signature or hash. The original string cannot be determined from the hash. And it’s impossible to guess what SHA-256’s output will be for any given input. So it’s functionally random. You can enter Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address into it and get one hash, then change a single letter and enter it again and get an entirely different hash.

None of this proves the CIA created Bitcoin. The NSA published SHA-256 in 2001. So non-CIA coders could have taken it up and used it to make Bitcoin. But after Crypto AG, it does make one wonder if there’s some kind of back door into SHA-256. Perhaps more incriminating is the meaning of the name Satoshi Nakamoto in Japanese. Nakamoto actually means “Central” or “Middle.” Satoshi means “Enlightened,” “Wise,” or “Intelligent.”

These are facts. Satoshi Nakamoto means Central Intelligence. That could be a joke by its non-CIA creators, or it could be the CIA’s calling card. CryptoPotato

Mastercard & The WEF

Mastercard is a global payment and technology company. It operates one of the world's fastest payment processing networks, connecting consumers, financial institutions, merchants, governments and businesses in more than 210 countries and territories. Its products and solutions make everyday commerce activities, such as shopping, travelling, running a business and managing finances, easier, more secure and more efficient for everyone.

WE forum member Mastercard

Mastercard Launches Digital Currency Testing Platform for Central Banks

Mastercard has launched a digital currency testing platform aimed at helping central banks test their digital currencies. The system will also demonstrate how consumers can use central bank digital currencies to pay for goods and services wherever Mastercard is accepted worldwide. Mastercard’s Digital Currency Testing Platform

Global payments company Mastercard announced Wednesday the launch of its “proprietary virtual testing environment” for central banks to evaluate use cases of their central bank digital currencies (CBDCs). The company detailed:

The platform enables the simulation of issuance, distribution and exchange of CBDCs between banks, financial service providers and consumers.

“Central banks, commercial banks, and tech and advisory firms are invited to partner with Mastercard to assess CBDC tech designs, validate use cases and evaluate interoperability with existing payment rails available for consumers and businesses today,” the announcement continues.

Emphasizing the need for its new platform, Mastercard cited research by the Bank of International Settlement (BIS) highlighting that about 80% of central banks are researching CBDCs and about 40% have already progressed to the experimental stage.

“Central banks have accelerated their exploration of digital currencies with a variety of objectives, from fostering financial inclusion to modernizing the payments ecosystem,” Raj Dhamodharan, Mastercard’s Executive Vice President of Digital Asset and Blockchain Products and Partnerships, detailed. “This new platform supports central banks as they make decisions now and in the future about the path forward for local and regional economies.”

Sheila Warren, Head of Blockchain, Digital Assets and Data Policy at the World Economic Forum, believes that “Collaborations between the public and private sectors in the exploration of central bank digital currencies can help central banks better understand the range of technology possibilities and capabilities available with respect to CBDCs.”

Bitcoin News

Global Data Power - uber alles!

A global economy powered by data

27 Jan 2016 - Ajay S. Banga

Chief Executive Officer, Mastercard

The World Economic Forum COVID Action Platform

How can we maximize the good that can come from the responsible use of data, while minimizing the inherent risks of data to privacy and security? This is one of the central questions of our time in an age increasingly driven by big data.

More and more of our world today runs on the free flow of data - through smartphones, cloud computing, chip cards, biometrics, sensors, and more. Data is driving more of our economies, growth, and productivity. According to McKinsey & Company’s “Global Flows in a Digital Age,” GDP growth increases between $250 billion and $450 billion annually—approximately equivalent to the GDP of Finland or Norway - when data flows freely. And, countries that support cross-border data flows are reaping a 40% economic benefit over less connected countries.

The free flow of data helps healthcare experts track and contain the spread of deadly diseases across the globe. In the fight against the Ebola virus in West Africa, as one professor put it, “it would be tragic if, during a crisis like this, data was not being adequately shared with the public health community.”

There is tremendous good that data sharing brings about. But data sharing raises legitimate concerns about economic and national security, citizen and consumer privacy, and loss of intellectual property. Proper and effective safeguards are absolutely mission critical. It’s more vital than ever that everyone play their part in protecting the information under their control. I want to underscore that privacy and security don’t have to come at the expense of innovation or economic progress. In fact, privacy and security are instrumental in driving both. A balanced approach helps ensure the use of data is free-flowing, responsible, and secure. It’s a balanced approach that I’m advocating.

Mounting efforts to create security and safeguards in the extreme are not the answer. I’m talking specifically about what some have called data nationalization - the requirement of data to be physically stored or processed inside a nation’s borders. These restrictions often confuse concerns about access to data for national security and law enforcement purposes with commercial use of data. The outcome is the fragmentation of data that creates a “splinternet” - one that risks not only stifling economic growth but reversing it as well.

To operate effectively and efficiently, economies need reliable, continuous, and affordable access to data. Laws restricting the flow of data have a chilling effect on industry and block consumer access. People can’t get products and services from other markets. Domestic economies become isolated from the growth potential associated with the rest of the global digital economy.

Data nationalization laws often create additional burdens. Increased infrastructure costs can ripple throughout the value chain, with a disproportionate impact placed on smaller businesses that cannot easily afford the additional investments. And by duplicating infrastructure, data systems can become fractured and increasingly vulnerable - an ironic unintended consequence to these laws.

Less access to data also has an unintended consequence of less access to ideas and innovation. Why? Because extreme restrictions can result in limiting access to information that can enable a simple idea to evolve into the next digital discovery - one that could in turn evolve into a game-changing innovation that creates new growth and jobs or a global solution to a public problem or challenge.

So, what do we do? The answer I believe lies in our combined leadership across public, private, and civil society sectors - leadership that forgoes the easy route of saying “no” in favor of forging the harder path of saying “yes, if…” We can get to “yes, if…” by taking steps like codifying agreed-upon global principles around privacy and security that local jurisdictions can adopt; by updating existing surveillance treaties and agreements to reflect the Big Data age; and by creating standards that enable the pooling of public and private sector data to address global challenges. It’s not enough to challenge data nationalization with arguments - we have to come up with viable answers.

Just as steam powered much of the First Industrial Revolution, the free flow of data will be fundamental to powering what the World Economic Forum and others are calling the Fourth Industrial Revolution. In fact, during the World Economic Forum’s annual meeting this month, one session in particular - Internet without Borders - focused on how to avert a future of data fragmentation. This was a timely session that grappled with a key issue of the 21st century: the responsible use, protection, and sharing of data. How this is addressed is the challenge and opportunity all of us share.

WE FORUM

WEF_The_future_of_financial_infrastructure.pdf

Trust Mastercard?

Mastercard is forging partnerships, investing resources, and using our network expertise to make this vision a reality.We believe that a system based upon collaboration is the best model for managing digital interactions in future. We see our role as an enabler, not unlike the way that we currently enable consumers, merchants, and financial institutions to transact and interact in a secure, convenient, and trusted manner. We already work closely with stakeholders in government, banking, telecommunications, and a range of other primary identity data holders.

Mastercard will not hold personal identity data, but will effectively serve the needs of those relying on the service and their users. Our system aligns with national standards and offers global interoperability. It will allow relying parties to distinctly define their identity verification needs.Here we explain how.

Mastercard

The Trust over IP Foundation is defining a complete architecture for Internet-scale digital trust that combines both cryptographic trust at the machine layer and human trust at the business, legal, and social layers. Trust over IP

Digital ID program & Trust Over IP

Founding Steering members include Accenture, BrightHive, Cloudocracy, Continuum Loop, CULedger, Dhiway, esatus, Evernym, Finicity, Futurewei Technologies, IBM Security, IdRamp, Lumedic, Mastercard, MITRE, the Province of British Columbia and SICPA. Contributing members include DIDx, GLEIF, The Human Colossus Foundation, iRespond, kiva.org, Marist College, Northern Block, R3, Secours.io, TNO and University of Arkansas.

Giant partners

Mastercard has been deeply involved in work on digital identity, approaching it with a wide lens, not just on financial services, but also looking toward the delivery of digital health, education and government services.

Mastercard’s approach to digital identity is predicated upon a user-centric, distributed model, said Charles Walton, Mastercard’s senior vice president of digital identity. “Personal information sits with its rightful owner, you. It boils down to: I own my identity and I control my identity data,” he said.

This cannot be accomplished in isolation, Walton added; Mastercard’ s participation within the Trust over IP Foundation builds atop the groundwork currently in place to ensure industry standards.

Mastercard envisions a “collaborative digital ecosystem,” where “trust providers” can be organizations such as a bank, mobile network operator, university, or postal service that has a preexisting, trusted relationship with the user.

“Trust providers connect users to the ID service, enabling them to sign up, use, and manage their digital identity,” said Walton. “For financial institutions, by providing digital identity access with ID, they can extend and build an even deeper relationship in new ways. Also, if ID is embedded into a bank’s mobile application, they become a part of each interaction the user has with their digital identity. Across all areas of life — financial, travel, health, education — the bank’s brand can be a part of it, delivering even greater value and recognition.”

CoinDesk

Global Banking set to go fully diigital

Bretton Woods moment

Notably, Ms. Georgieva, the first person from an emerging economy to lead IMF, recently noted the global economy had reached the tipping point that requires decisive actions to fight the crisis and create a more sustainable and equitable world.

We face what I have called a Long Ascent for the global economy: a climb that will be difficult, uneven, uncertain—and prone to setbacks.

Meanwhile, the digital currencies may become part and parcel of the new world order. Recent developments prove that global regulators have been moving away from denial of cryptocurrencies to embrace the concept.

Basically, it means that the regulators are ready to admit that the future of money is digital. The same is confirmed by the poll launched by the IMF ahead of the conference.

report via FX street

Focus on the future of banking supervision in a changing world

International banking supervisory community meets virtually -

At the 21st International Conference of Banking Supervisors, senior banking supervisors and central bankers discussed issues related to the future of banking supervision in a changing world. Discussions covered the digitalisation of finance and the evolution of banking models, operational resilience, climate-related financial risks and remote working arrangements. This was the first time the Basel Committee has worked with a host country to offer a completely virtual conference.

The 21st International Conference of Banking Supervisors (ICBS), hosted virtually by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI) and the Bank of Canada, was held on 19-22 October 2020. Approximately 450 senior banking supervisors and central bankers representing close to 100 countries took part.

Delegates discussed a wide range of issues related to the future of banking supervision in a changing world. The discussions covered the digitalisation of finance and the evolution of banking models, operational resilience, climate-related financial risks and remote working arrangements. Participants also exchanged views on the challenges for central banks and bank supervisors in advanced and emerging market economies during the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as adapting to the changing operating environment for central banks and supervisors.

BIS Press release | 22 October 2020

reminder; IG Farben Building was home to the CIA in Germany

The building was the headquarters for production administration of dyes, pharmaceutical drugs, magnesium, lubricating oil, explosives, and methanol, and for research projects relating to the development of synthetic oil and rubber during World War II. Notably IG Farben scientists discovered the first antibiotic, fundamentally reformed medical research and "opened a new era in medicine."[5] After World War II, the IG Farben Building served as the headquarters for the Supreme Allied Command and from 1949 to 1952 the High Commissioner for Germany (HICOG). Notably Dwight D. Eisenhower had his office in the building. It became the principal location for implementing the Marshall Plan, which supported the post-war reconstruction of Europe. The 1948 Frankfurt Documents, which led to the creation of a West German state allied with the western powers, were signed in the building.[6] The IG Farben Building served as the headquarters for the US Army's V Corps and the Northern Area Command (NACOM) until 1995. It was also the headquarters of the CIA in Germany. - WikiPedia

Wall street & the rise of Hitler: [exerpt]

"On the eve of World War II the German chemical complex of I.G. Farben was the largest chemical manufacturing enterprise in the world, with extraordinary political and economic power and influence within the Hitlerian Nazi state. I. G. has been aptly described as "a state within a state."

The Farben cartel dated from 1925, when organizing genius Hermann Schmitz (with Wall Street financial assistance) created the super-giant chemical enterprise out of six already giant German chemical companies Badische Anilin, Bayer, Agfa, Hoechst, Weiler-ter-Meer, and Griesheim-Elektron. These companies were merged to become Inter-nationale Gesellschaft Farbenindustrie A.G. or I.G. Farben for short. Twenty years later the same Hermann Schmitz was put on trial at Nuremburg for war crimes committed by the I. G. cartel. Other I. G. Farben directors were placed on trial but the American affiliates of I. G. Farben and the American directors of I. G. itself were quietly forgotten; the truth was buried in the archives.

It is these U.S. connections in Wall Street that concern us. Without the capital supplied by Wall Street, there would have been no I. G. Farben in the first place and almost certainly no Adolf Hitler and World War II."

Wall St & the rise of Hitler - By Antony C Sutton

Is blockchain actually a concept based on Promis software?

What do CIA/NSA links to owning Crypto AG since 1945 mean?

Promis was originally a database algorithm tracker and tracer program - Has it been re-designed / upgraded to be the new Hollerith Tabulature Machine? - We can see IBM have been central to the development of dollar backed Crypto coin..

The potential of Promis software won over intelligence organisations at an early stage resulting in a few deaths and a lot of very shady dealings - it was tried out on law services and then private prisons run by Wackenhut in Reagans privatisation dominated 1980s... it was a gamechanger in information analysis - many countries were given clones of which supposed backdoors were coded -

Robert Maxwell & a myriad of other players for Israeli Intelligance were a major player in this part of it - he was a security printing and security bonds expert - now look at digi currency - blockchain is a database ledger system - using AI to crunch...

From where I sit, it looks like all National Intelligence Agencies - the world over - have been corporatized to the point of PPP or completely Private entities - With billions of tiny front firms all set up to spy on a multi-purpose national & elite level.

wikipedia has it that - "The private intelligence industry has boomed due to shifts in how the U.S. government is conducting espionage in the War on Terror. Some $56 billion (USD) or 70% of the $80 billion national intelligence budget of the United States was in 2013 earmarked for the private sector."

West Asia (Israel)

Team 8 (Israel based)
Archimedes Group (Israel based)
Psy-Group (Israel based, now closed)
Black Cube (Israel & UK based)
NSO Group (Israel based)

EUROPE

AEGIS (UK-based)
Cambridge Analytica (UK based) (defunct)
Control Risks Group (UK based)
Groupe GEOS (France based)
Hakluyt & Company (UK based)
Oxford Analytica (UK Based)

NORTH AMERICA

AggregateIQ (Canada based)
Booz Allen Hamilton (US based)
Fusion GPS (US based)
Kroll Inc. (US based)
Pinkerton National Detective Agency (US based)
Smith Brandon International, Inc. (US based)
Stratfor (US based)

Palantir Technologies is a public American software company that specializes in big data analytics. Headquartered in Denver, Colorado, it was founded by Peter Thiel[5], Nathan Gettings, Joe Lonsdale, Stephen Cohen, and Alex Karp in 2003.

The company's name is derived from The Lord of the Rings where the magical palantír were "seeing-stones" which allowed their users to communicate with each other or to see faraway parts of the world. - Wikipedia

Peter Thiel’s data-mining company
is using
War on Terror tools
to track American citizens.

he reads like a typical Bond Villian chess grandmaster at 13 - helped set up Paypal & sits on Facebook's board.

See also Christine Maxwell & the FBI terror database

Palantir cut its teeth working for the Pentagon and the CIA in Afghanistan and Iraq.

The company’s engineers and products don’t do any spying themselves; they’re more like a spy’s brain, collecting and analyzing information that’s fed in from the hands, eyes, nose, and ears.

The software combs through disparate data sources—financial documents, airline reservations, cellphone records, social media postings—and searches for connections that human analysts might miss.

It then presents the linkages in colorful, easy-to-interpret graphics that look like spider webs. U.S. spies and special forces loved it immediately; they deployed Palantir to synthesize and sort the blizzard of battlefield intelligence.

It helped planners avoid roadside bombs, track insurgents for assassination, even hunt down Osama bin Laden. The military success led to federal contracts on the civilian side. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services uses Palantir to detect Medicare fraud. The FBI uses it in criminal probes. The Department of Homeland Security deploys it to screen air travelers and keep tabs on immigrants.

Bloomberg

Report: Palantir Helped JP Morgan spy on its employees


Palantir has secretly been using New Orleans to test its predictive policing technology


Palantir expansion

The firm - sometimes described as the "scariest" of America's tech giants - got its start working with US soldiers in Iraq and Afghanistan, but now supplies software to police departments, other public agencies and corporate clients.

It is active in more than 150 countries, including the UK, where it was one of the tech firms the government enlisted this spring to help respond to coronavirus.

In the first half of 2020, Palantir revenue rose 49% year-on-year, topping $480m (£373m). And at its direct listing on Wednesday, in which investors sold some of their existing shares to the public, shares opened at $10 each - above the $7.25 reference price - giving it a value of roughly $22bn.

[snip} ICE and privacy protests

But Palantir's rise has been shadowed by concerns from privacy experts, who say the firm's tools enable surveillance and analysis of data - everything from drivers licenses and social media posts to DNA swabs - that skirts people's right to privacy and is ripe for abuse.

In the US, the use of its technology by immigration authorities to help round up undocumented immigrants has drawn heated protests and in the UK, the health data handled by the firm has also raised alarms.

Ahead of the firm's listing, Amnesty International issued a report saying the firm was failing its responsibility as a company to protect human rights with inadequate due diligence into who it is working for.

BBC

BBC Coronavirus: NHS uses tech giants to plan crisis response

Remember Chilead? -
The company responsible for the post 911 FBI database

With grateful acknowledgement to Whitney Webbs research

Flashback to Chilead 2013 press release

Business wire

Christine Maxwell

Alan Wade retired from federal service after a thirty-five year career in the Central Intelligence Agency where he held a series of senior positions, including the Director of Communications, Director of Security, and Chief Information Officer (2001-2005). He is a recipient of the National Intelligence Distinguished Service Medal, the Director’s Medal, and the Distinguished Intelligence Medal. Since leaving the federal government, Alan has worked with and invested in early stage technology companies. He served on the boards of Safeboot N.V. (acquired by McAfee), Detica DFI (acquired by BAE Systems), Composite Software (acquired by Cisco) and Applied Communications Sciences (acquired by The SI Organization). He currently serves on the boards of the Aerospace Corporation, Professional Project Services, Onclave Inc. and on public sector advisory boards of several technology companies.

Alan Wade bio

Alan Wade [CIA]

Cyber AI is a self-learning technology – like the human immune system, it learns ‘on the job’, from the data and activity that it observes in situ. This means making billions of probability-based calculations in light of evolving evidence.

Darktrace’s Cyber AI Platform is relied on by more than 4,000 organizations worldwide.

As a new generation of cyber-threats, powered by offensive AI, emerge, Autonomous Response AI will be critical to fight back with the precision and speed necessary. These machine-speed attacks will only be countered by AI defenses that can stay one step ahead – allowing humans precious time to catch up. Darktrace has identified a new form of cyber security that moves the whole industry forward beyond current defense models. By applying advanced machine learning methods to a novel software application, it has established a world-beating company that has no significant competitor. Darktrace - CYBER AI defense system

Advisory Board includes ex head of MI5

Cyber security Darktrace in the news 2020

Oh look - there's the Queen

Darktrace and UK intelligence

Darktrace, which Alexander Arbuthnot describes as an “AI [artificial intelligence] based cyber-security” company, was established by members of the UK intelligence community in June 2013.

GCHQ, the UK’s major surveillance agency, approached investor Mike Lynch—regarded as Britain’s most established technology entrepreneur – who then brokered a meeting between GCHQ officers and Cambridge mathematicians who co-founded the company.

Company material openly mentions “the UK intelligence officials who founded Darktrace”. It states that its team includes “senior members of the UK’s and US’s intelligence agencies including the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), the Security Service (MI5) and the NSA.”

Another co-founder was Stephen Huxter, a senior figure in MI5’s “cyber defence team” who became Darktrace’s managing director. Soon after the company launched in September 2013, Darktrace announced that former MI5 director-general Sir Jonathan Evans had been appointed to its advisory board. Huxter welcomed Evans’ “unparalleled stature in the field of cyber operations”.

Daily Maverick

“Britain could contribute huge value to the world by leveraging existing assets, including scientific talent and how the NHS is structured, to push the frontiers of a rapidly evolving scientific field – genomic prediction.”

"There are many big implications. This will obviously revolutionise IVF. ~1 million IVF embryos per year are screened worldwide using less sophisticated tests. Instead of picking embryos at random, parents will start avoiding outliers for disease risks and cognitive problems. Rich people will fly to jurisdictions offering the best services." {snip}

“It ought to go without saying that turning this idea into a political/government success requires focus on A) the NHS, health, science, NOT getting sidetracked into B) arguments about things like IQ and social mobility. Over time, the educated classes will continue to be dragged to more realistic views on (B) but this will be a complex process entangled with many hysterical episodes. (A) requires ruthless focus.”

Nafeez Ahmed - WhiteHall Analytica Pt2 [Part 1]

Dominic Cummins

UK Governments
chief political advisor to Boris Johnson
is a Eugenicist?

Who does he work for really?

The Elites.

The increasing Privatisation of every aspect of our lives means that 'Business Intelligence', defined as systems that combine: Data gathering, Data storage & Knowledge management, has merged with Private intelligence & state actors to the point where lines are very blurry.

Global flow of data - through smartphones, cloud computing, chip cards, biometrics, sensors, and more. Data is the new gold rush. This will see the labelling, tracking & global location pinpointing of everything being manufactured & consumed


Top US Food Co-Op to Track Seafood Using Mastercard’s Blockchain Tech

A food provenance platform utilizing blockchain technology from Mastercard is see real-world use by a U.S. food co-operative giant.

Announced Sunday, Envisible – a firm providing visibility into food supply chains – said it is working with Mastercard to offer a tracking system built with the payment giant’s blockchain-based Provenance Solution.

Called Wholechain, the system has gained a notable early client for a pilot in the form of Topco Associates – the largest group purchasing organization in the U.S. Aiming to bring more transparency to its products, Topco will integrate Wholechain at member grocery chains, starting with Food City, to track and provide data on salmon, cod and shrimp products.

The technology will give members and customers a view into into ethical sourcing and environmental compliance of the seafood on offer at stores, Envisible said. It will further allow grocers to hone in on issues in the food chain during “unfortunate events” like recalls, said Dan Glei, executive vice president of merchandising and marketing at Food City.

CoinDesk

Blockchain in the shipping industry - the rise of Smart Shipping

The Internet of Things and the tracking of all Products;

"Blockchain technology grabbed the public’s attention when its cryptocurrency shook the financial services industry. Now we hear the technology expanding to new territories such as art, healthcare, energy, telecommunications, and supply chain. Today, blockchain also stands as gatekeeper in the emerging “trust economy,” in which supply chain plays a central role. The efficiency of a supply chain relies on trust between the different stakeholders and the interaction between blockchain and IoT technologies can assist in increasing the traceability and reliability of information along the chain."

blockchain-internet-things-supply-chain-traceability pdf

Digital Identity

Digital payments are growing at an estimated 12.7%annually, and are forecast to reach 726 billion transactions annually by 2020.

By 2022, an estimated 60% of world GDP will be digitalised.

For the FATF, the growth in digital financial transactions requires a better understanding of how individuals are being identified and verified in the world of digital financial services.

Digital identity (ID) technologies are evolving rapidly, giving rise to a variety of digital ID systems.

This Guidance is intended to assist governments, regulated entities and other relevant stakeholders indetermining how digital ID systems can be used to conduct certain elements of customer due diligence (CDD)under FATF Recommendation

Guidance on Digital Identity

The Chequebook became the credit card & now
The Smartphone is your interactive digital credit payment method.

"Babylon’s mission is to put an
accessible and affordable health service
in the hands of every person on earth."


source

One day perhaps they will contain a neural connective ledger payment options, enabling the rulers of Blockchain A.I to backdoor your mind...

and, yes. They are working on the internet of minds.

The internet of minds

"IoM utilizes Internet and IoT as its fundamental technologies, incorporating knowledge automation as its core systematic form, and knowledge computing as its core technique. IoM’s key tasks include knowledge acquisition, knowledge representation, knowledge exchange, and knowledge association, aiming to build semantic connectivity among intelligent social entities." - Blockchainized Internet of Minds: A New Opportunity for Cyber–Physical–Social Systems Fei-Yue Wang Yong Yuan,Senior Member, IEEE, Jun Zhang,Senior Member, IEEE,Rui Qin,Member, IEEE, and Michael H. Smith

Blockchain & A.I and the immense power it is being tipped to wield, when centralized, will be back doored by the very Spook run companys hired to protect them.

Once hailed as unhackable, blockchains are now getting hacked

2019 - Early last month, the security team at Coinbase noticed something strange going on in Ethereum Classic, one of the cryptocurrencies people can buy and sell using Coinbase’s popular exchange platform. Its blockchain, the history of all its transactions, was under attack.

An attacker had somehow gained control of more than half of the network’s computing power and was using it to rewrite the transaction history. That made it possible to spend the same cryptocurrency more than once—known as “double spends.” The attacker was spotted pulling this off to the tune of $1.1 million. Coinbase claims that no currency was actually stolen from any of its accounts. But a second popular exchange, Gate.io, has admitted it wasn’t so lucky, losing around $200,000 to the attacker (who, strangely, returned half of it days later).

Just a year ago, this nightmare scenario was mostly theoretical. But the so-called 51% attack against Ethereum Classic was just the latest in a series of recent attacks on blockchains that have heightened the stakes for the nascent industry. Technology Review

Research: Hackers Could Install Backdoor in Bitcoin Cold Storage Jan 16, 2015

Timid New World index